Geomatics and Environmental Engineering, vol. 20, no. 1

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Vol. 20 No. 1 (2026): Geomatics and Environmental Engineering

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Submitted
Nov 1, 2024
Accepted
Oct 1, 2025
Published
Jan 14, 2026
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Assessing Urban Growth Toward Earthquake-Hazard Zone in Yogyakarta and Bantul, Indonesia

https://doi.org/10.7494/geom.2026.20.1.23
Nur Miladan
Universitas Sebelas Maret, Faculty of Engineering, Urban and Regional Planning Program, Center for Regional Information and Development, Surakarta, Indonesia
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8372-7162
Tendra Istanabi
Universitas Sebelas Maret, Faculty of Engineering, Urban and Regional Planning Program, Surakarta, Indonesia
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0089-9146
Lintang Suminar
Universitas Sebelas Maret, Faculty of Engineering, Urban and Regional Planning Program, Center for Regional Information and Development, Surakarta, Indonesia
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1587-7417
Muhammad Rizal Fernandita Pamungkas
Universitas Tunas Pembangunan, Smart City Information System Program, Surakarta, Indonesia
https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7051-3701
Vicky Dwi Settyawan
Universitas Sebelas Maret, Faculty of Engineering, Urban and Regional Planning Program, Surakarta, Indonesia
https://orcid.org/0009-0004-5404-8365
Arifian Dwi Wijayanto
Universitas Sebelas Maret, Faculty of Engineering, Urban and Regional Planning Program, Surakarta, Indonesia
https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6813-018X

Corresponding Author(s) : Nur Miladan

nurmiladan@ft.uns.ac.id

Geomatics and Environmental Engineering, Vol. 20 No. 1 (2026): Geomatics and Environmental Engineering

Abstract

Bantul and Yogyakarta are regions with earthquake-hazard risks in Indonesia. The earthquake that occurred in 2006 produced deaths, high economic losses, and significant damages to the housing and infrastructure. This research aimed to assess the urban growth in the earthquake-hazard zone in Bantul and Yogyakarta. The study used the remote sensing method of nighttime light (NTL), zonal statistics, and ClockBoard zone analysis. The combination of these analysis techniques for linking urban growth and earthquake hazards has not been widely discussed by previous studies. The earthquake-hazard data was retrieved from the United States Geological Survey website; meanwhile, the NTL data was based on the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) satellite.
The results indicated that those zone segments at very high earthquake-hazard levels were also areas with night-light intensities of more than ten units (meaning increasing urban growth). Based on these facts, local governments should evaluate spatial planning to limit the density of built-up areas in earthquake-hazard areas and ensure the effective implementation of urban sustainability and resilience.

Keywords

earthquake hazard urban growth nighttime light zonal statistics ClockBoard analysis Bantul Yogyakarta
Miladan, N., Istanabi, T. ., Suminar, L., Pamungkas, M. R. F., Settyawan, V. D., & Wijayanto, A. D. (2026). Assessing Urban Growth Toward Earthquake-Hazard Zone in Yogyakarta and Bantul, Indonesia. Geomatics and Environmental Engineering, 20(1), 23–47. https://doi.org/10.7494/geom.2026.20.1.23
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